My research interests and experience are in the areas of pharmacokinetics/ biopharmaceutics and drug delivery. Pharmacokinetics is the science of the kinetics of drug absorption, distribution, and elimination including excretion and metabolism. Biopharmaceutics is a discipline that examines the relationship of the physiochemical properties of a drug and dosage form and its influence on the rate and extent of absorption. These pharmaceutical research areas are not only essential towards developing new drugs and drug delivery systems but also in optimizing drug administration in patients. My drug disposition and pharmacokinetic projects have included preclinical and clinical investigations as well as studies in veterinary animals of interest. Clinical trials and studies have centered on the effects of renal disease and heart failure on the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of investigational drugs to treat diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Veterinary projects have examined species differences in drug disposition as well as developing drug dosing methods and delivery systems to improve drug therapy and ease of administration in treating and preventing disease in animals. Current research directions include the development of transdermal and nanoparticle dosage forms for treating infections and inflammatory disorders. Other projects involve establishing animals and humans models to examine the pharmacokinetic and pharmacologic mechanisms of drug interactions related to drugs of abuse. Selected Publications Bell, E., Ravis, W.R., Braxton-Lloyd, K., Stokes. T.J.,Effects of St. John’s Wort Supplementation upon Ibuprofen Pharmacokinetics, Ann. Pharmacother. 41: 229-34, 2007. E. Bell, W. R. Ravis, H. M. Chan, Y. J. Lin. Lack of Pharmacokinetic Interaction Between St. John’s Wort and Prednisone, Ann. Pharmacother. 41:1819-24, 2007. Nagilla R. Deshmukh DD. Duran SH. Ravis WR. Stereoselective pharmacokinetics of ketorolac in calves after a single intravenous and oral dose. J. Vet. Pharmacol. Therap. 30:437-42, 2007